Transformer
A transformer is a device or component with no frequency change. The electrical current can be transferred from one alternating current circuit to another socket without any physical contact. The amount of current can be low - more voltage less - more. Formation e Two or more coils are embedded on one core or multiple cores adjacent to such a coil, whereby the alternating current in one coil is individually laminated core in the transformer by inducting voltage into other coils or coils. This core is a special type of alloy steel, which is highly fibrous and has a low hysteresis loss. Each lamination is insulated by ventilation or with enamel, so that the core can be much more effective in reducing AD current loss. The transformer in which the core is used is called the iron core. Transformer. And the transformer in which the core is not used is called the Air Core Transformer. In that case The air works on the core.
Four types of cores are commonly used in transformers, namely E and I type or T and U type. Here is an introduction to different parts of the core through another image The coils of the transformer are coated on a concentrated magnetic circuit of lactated iron-reluctance and thus, the coils produce very intense mutual inductance between the coils. The coil with which the input supply (AC) is connected. Array = Son Geria A = {xn Area - Ne | Windy Study 3 = ake is called the primary coil (P), and the coil from which the output voltage is emitted is called the secondary coil (S). Primary coils are always one, but secondary coils can be multiple. With the primary coil in the transformer when A. C. When the supply is added, the current flows in it and the alternating flux is created in the core. Most of these lines form an invisible link with the secondary coil. According to Farad's electrical - magnetic induction rule, a coaxial force is absorbed in this coil. In this case if the socket or circuit is supplied, the current will flow through the secondary coil. In other words, the transformer's operation is based on the principle of mutual induction.
Consist of depending on. Providing alternating current to the primary coil results in changing the magnetic field around the coil. This magnetic field intersects the turns of the secondary coil and cuts an A. C. Veltage captures. The amount of voltage in the secondary coil of the transformer depends on the number of turns of the primary and secondary coils. Although there is no direct electrical conduction between the primary and secondary coils. The relation between the turns and the voltage of the primary and secondary coils and we know that in the transformer's primary A. C. If the input voltage is applied, that voltage is derived from the secondary. C. The voltage is emitted in the rope. This emitted voltage, that is, the output voltage, can be increased by more than the input voltage, but can also be reduced. This is less than the secondary voltage
Depending on the ratio of the number of turns of the primary and secondary coil wires. However, with the number of turns, it is necessary to see that the primary and secondary coils are of the same frequency and that they intersect with the same line or flux. It is generally observed that the cross-sectional area increases as the line increases. The ratio of the number of turns of the primary and secondary coils is calculated from the following formulas. Es Ns namely - Ep Np here, Ep = voltage of primary coil; Es = voltage of secondary coil; Np = number of turns in the primary coil; Ns = the number of turns of the secondary coil. If the number of turns of the secondary coil is higher than the primary coil of the transformer, then the voltage emitted from the secondary will be higher than the technical voltage at the primary. This type of transformer is called a step-up transformer, because its voltage step is increasing. And if the secondary coil turns lower than the primary coil of the transformer, then the secondary technology is secondary to the voltage
The amount of voltage emitted from it will be less. This type of transformer is called step-down transformer, because its voltage step down is decreasing. Usually step-up transformers are used to increase the voltage, and step-down transformers are used to reduce the voltage. And the transformer's primary and secondary coils are equal to the number of turns of the coil, that is, 1: 1, such a transformer is called an isolation transformer. The amount of voltage applied to its primary is exactly the same voltage emitted from the secondary. Use this transformer to keep one socket from circulating to another. Either. | An example is the ratio of the primary and secondary coil turns or the voltage and voltage of the transformer. It will be helpful to understand the matter. Examples - Turn of a step-up transformer's primary and secondary coils - are 1, 000 and 5, respectively. If the primary voltage of 220 volts is supplied, how much voltage will be emitted from the secondary? | Es _ Ns Since EpNp is fun, Es = EpxA6 = 220 x3: 000 = 1, 100 Velt. So, here the voltage of the secondary coil is 5 times higher than the primary coil. • The relation between the voltage and current of the primary and secondary coils, and the ratio of the current to the primary and secondary coils of the transformer, is exactly the opposite of the voltage to the primary and secondary coils. Following the above example, it can be seen that the voltage (Es) of the secondary coil of this trammer is 5 times higher than the primary coil voltage (Ep). But in the current case, the opposite is true. That is, the current coil current (Ip) is 5 times higher than the secondary coil current (Is). Since the voltage ratio of this transformer is step-up, its current is being exploded. Step-down. Therefore, the ratio of current, voltage and turn ratio of the transformer is as follows. Namely Ip _ Es _ Ns Is® Ep®Np. The primary circuit of a transformer is the power it receives from a voltage source. Secondary sockets provide lade. In a secondary transformer that is laden with the registers in the secondary, the power that the primary collector absorbs is equal to the power that the secondary holds. In practical cases, however, the power retained by the secondary is slightly less than that obtained by the primary. This is because the primary takes a bit more power to handle the core.
Losses of Transformer e Some of the following causes some losses in the transformer, ie loss, so that the amount of power or voltage from the transformer is not available, it is less available. The main causes of this are - (a) hysteresis loss. (b) Eddy - current loss; (c) Copper loss. (iv) Magnetic leakage loss. And Hysteresis loss - When the Leha is placed in a transformed magnetic field, the magnetism slows down the magnetic force, as the radius acts to change the magnetic density. E. Edge - Current Loss - This type of lathe is the dissipation of the energy of the thermal fruit bearing of the current contained in the iron core to change the line. For a changed outline, the voltage falls on the core, and that voltage produces a sharp current. This reduces some of the power from the AD current input power. O Copper Loss - This loss for transfer leads is proportional to the square of the current. Transformer “Ultimate Copper Loss, Primary (Ip) 2xRp + Secondary (Is) 2x Rs. Here, Ip = primary current; Is = Secondary Current; Rp = primary lead; Rs = Secondary Lad. And when the magnetic leakage loss flows through the magnetic balloon core, some of them, some of the bolts do not interlink in both coils. Therefore, the inductive resistance of the primary coil and the electromagnetic force are reversed, which is not transmitted to the secondary coil. This is what causes the voltage loss, such as the resistance wind in the primary winding. Efficiency of Transformer ০ The ratio of the output power and input power of a transformer is called the efficiency of the transformer, which is usually expressed as a percentage (%). + In case of transformer loss cover core transformer, efficiency is usually higher than 90 Impedance Matching Each coil has some radius, the magnetic energy stored in the coil is lost in some heat, which is why it is assumed that there is always a register in the series of coils, but the series and parallel tuned circuits. In fact, the coexistence of reactance and resistance is called impedance. However, this coefficient does not mean that in mathematical terms only reactivity and resistance are worthwhile. Impedance is expressed by the letter 'Z'. Yes, and its unit of measure is' ohms. We know that changing a magnetic line from one electrical circuit to another Transformer capable of sending NGK. Here the ball line socket operates between the two. Therefore, the transformer acts as a coupling device in the circuit and thus secondary voltage is added to the transmitted voltage of the primary socket. But from a direct current point of view, the transformer isolates the two circuits. Also working is - change voltage, current and impedance. For the characteristics of changing impedance, transformer impedance matching is considered to be a device suitable for adjusting impedance. The power to transfer power from one electrical circuit to the other, the highest power. Ladies 'Impedance and Sears' International Impedance are the only ones to be transferred. Especially in the field of radio communication equipment, La - Impedance Lad. And the High Impedance Generator has a special charm for it. Here is an example. It will be helpful to understand the matter. Here the impedance of SARS is 50, 500 ohms and the impedance of the lead is 2000 ohms. In order to transfer absolute power, the primary an NP N: Impedance must be compatible with the Sense Impedance and the Secondary Impedance must be compatible with the Lead Impedance. This is why the ratio of the transformer's tightness has to be changed and the ratio is calculated from the following session. Will be Such as NP _ Zp _ 50, 000 _ 25 NsZs 2, 000 1 with no = number of primaries drawn; Ns = number of secondary pulls; Zp = Epidence of a Primary. zs = Secondary Impedance. The primary current is 100/50, 000 or 002 amperes and the secondary current is 20/20, 000 or 01 amperes. Since the primary power (2 watts) is equal to the secondary power, the lead impedance of the transformer has been matched with the sars impedance.
Types of Transformer ৪ Transformer is divided into different types according to its structure and usage. It is divided into two groups according to the structure. Namely - core type and cell type. Core type transformers can be closed or open magnetic sockets. Which is why The primary is called Closed - Core type or Open - Core type transformer. In the tunnel In the case of the open-core type, the primaries consist of two wading over a straight and long laminated mirror. Laminated. This kind of winding - it costs less, but iron kills. It has a lot of leakage for leakage - because its magnetic sex path is mainly accomplished with ambient air. Which is why the terminal. This type of transformer is only used in small quantities for radio. Closed-windings of the core type transformer are usually faced opposite, that is, one and the opposite. The edges on which the windings are attached are called the core-leg. The coils are usually made of copper with more diameters in it, so that
May not be too hot. In the case of high voltage transformers, each layer of winding (with a layer insulating paper is kept from the other layer so that there is no socket socket between the two layers. The fully closed core is used in the cell-type transformer. The three legs of this core - One in the middle and two on the edge. The magnetic leakage of this type of transformer is very low and it is widely used in radio power and audio stage, with the windings in the middle of it being directly on one, hence its design is very compact and its cost is cheap. Various types of transformers are used for the purpose, such as power transformers. The nsapharmara. C. The operating radio and television are used. This is the essence of iron kaiara 1ac a single primary and multiple secondary oyyaindim is oyyaindim. Aidinta all secondary and primary oyyaidim the same is the case in common. There is more than one secondary winding
Usage means supplying different operating voltages in the field of radio communication equipment. Here is a picture of a power enforcer used on television. Here S1 and S2 are secondary. Rectifying with a voltage rectifier from winding rectifies 110 volts and 12 volts respectively. D. C. Supply is provided. S3 emitted from winding. C. The voltage is sent directly to the film tube's filmmast. Sound Output Transformer - This transformer is used on radio and TV sets. Usually they are cut in size. Impedance Matching - Use them for. Is 1s1. On the transformer used on the TV. There are four connection points. Points 2 and 3 are the primary and points 1 and 3 are the secondary. Intermediate frequency. (Intermediate Frequency) Trans 500 Former ip S4 kWh. To sum it up. F. T s (IFT). This is a kind of variable transformer. Two radios on electric radio. F. T Is used. These two transformers have four standard markers B, D, E and G. B and P are primary windings and E is also
G is secondary winding. In transistor radio, three IFs are usually used. And Tapped Secondary Winding Transformers This type of transformer is used for battery eliminators. It consists of multiple tapping to get a range of voltages ranging from 15 volts to 12 volts or more. It uses 10 way windings for both primary and secondary. However, from this one winding of the secondary, multiple tapping is done for different voltages. Auto - Transformer * Auto-transformer is one-way winding or coil-5 Marie and secondary winding are part of this one-way welding. It is also an Iron Core Transformer. Its procedure is exactly the same as previously stated. That is, the magnetic ball line generated by the primary current intersects the secondary and causes a voltage drop. Auto - primary and secondary windings in the transformer - have a direct metallic connection. That is, its winding - some part of it is always common or the same in primary and secondary. If the whole winding of this transformer is used as a primary and some parts of the whole winding as secondary, then such a transformer is a step-down transformer. And in the case of step-up transformers, winding is used as a secondary and a portion of the complete winding is used as a primary. Auto - also its secondary voltage (output) depends on the ratio of the primary and secondary winding turn on the transformer. However, the amount of supply voltage (primary) also plays a crucial role in determining the secondary voltage. Its secondary voltage is obtained from the following sources. For example, the transformer's secondary voltage changes, though its secondary voltage remains almost the same. But this transformer cannot do any isolation between the primary and secondary circuits, because it has a D C. Level is not blocked, that is. This type of transformer is used in machinery where the supply voltage is too low to cause variations. Its mechanism is based on two-way winding transformers. However, it takes less than the amount of cable to have a winding, so it is also cheaper in price. This transformer is used to start the induction motor, since it reduces the amount of voltage applied during starting this meter. It is also used on the buster to increase the feeder's voltage. What is in this transformer; There are also inconveniences. Since its primary and secondary windings are not electrically conductive, such transformer H. T (Ht.) If using a socket breaks down for any reason, then L. T (Lt.) Darts on the socket. Will shock